Aqueous Magnetic Fluids Instabilities in a Hele-Shaw Cell

Aqueous Magnetic Fluids Instabilities in a Hele-Shaw Cell M. RÄ‚CUCIU â€Å"Lucian Blaga† University, Faculty of Science, Dr.Ratiu Street, No.5-7, Sibiu, 550024, Romania In this study, it was investigated the interface patterns of two immiscible, viscous fluids into the geometry of a horizontal  Hele-Shaw cell, considering that one of the fluids is an aqueous magnetic fluid. In general, the total energy of a magnetic fluid  system consists of three components: gravitational, surface, and magnetic. For a magnetic fluid into a horizontal Hele-Shaw  cell, the gravitational energy is constant and can be inessential, thus leaving only the surface and magnetic energies. The  interface between two immiscible fluids, one of them with a low viscosity and another with a higher viscosity, becomes  unstable and starts to deform. Dynamic competition in such confined geometry leads finally to the formation of fingering  patterns of a magnetic fluid in a Hele-Shaw cell. The computational study upon the interface instabilities patterns in aqueous  magnetic fluids was accomplished evaluating fractal dimension in finger-type instabilities. Between the fr actal dimension and  experimental instability generation time a correlation was established. (Received January 30, 2009; accepted February 13, 2009) Keywords: Magnetic fluid, Hele-Shaw cell, Viscous finger instability 1. Introduction Magnetic fluids are composed of magnetic, around 10  nm, single-domain particles coated with a molecular  surfactant and suspended in a carrier liquid [1]. Magnetic  fluids confined within Hele-Shaw cell exhibit interesting  interfacial instabilities, like fingering instability. The patterns and shapes formation by diverse physical,  chemical and biological systems in the natural world has  long been a source of fascination for scientists [2]. Interface  dynamics plays a major role in pattern formation. Viscous  fingering occurs in the flow of two immiscible, viscous  fluids between the plates of a Hele-Shaw cell. A magnetic fluid is considered paramagnetic because  the individual nanoparticle magnetizations are randomly  oriented, even the solid magnetic nanoparticles are  ferromagnetic [3]. Due to Brownian motion, the thermal  agitation keeps the magnetic nanoparticles suspended and  the coating prevents the nanoparticles from adhering to  each other. In ionic magnetic fluids coating the magnetic  nanoparticles are replaced one an other by electrostatic  repulsion. Because the magnetic nanoparticles are much  smaller than the Hele-Shaw cell thickness, it may neglect  their particulate properties and it may consider a continuous  paramagnetic fluid. In this study, there was investigated the interface  patterns of two immiscible, viscous fluids into the geometry  of a horizontal Hele-Shaw cell, considering that one of the  fluids is an aqueous magnetic fluid. In general, the total energy of a magnetic fluid system  consists of three components: gravitational, surface, and  magnetic. For a magnetic fluid into a horizontal Hele-Shaw  cell, the gravitational energy is constant and can be  inessential, thus leaving only the surface and magnetic  energies. The interface between two immiscible fluids, one of  them with a low viscosity and another with a higher  viscosity, becomes unstable and starts to deform. Dynamic  competition in such confined geometry leads finally to the  formation of fingering patterns of a magnetic fluid in a  two-dimensional geometry (Hele-Shaw cell) [4-5]. Due to pressure gradients or gravity, the separation  interface of the two immiscible, viscous fluids undergoes  on to Saffman-Taylor instability [6] and develops  finger-like structures. The Saffman-Taylor instability is a  widely studied example of hydrodynamic pattern formation  where interfacial instabilities evolve. The computational study upon the interface  instabilities patterns in aqueous magnetic fluids was carried  out by evaluating the fractal dimension in finger-type  instabilities. 2. Experimental Aqueous magnetic fluids used in this study have been  prepared in our laboratory, by applying the chemical  precipitation method. In table I are presented the aqueous  magnetic fluid samples used in this experimental study. Table 1. The magnetic fluid samples used in this study (d –  physical diameter of the magnetic nanoparticles,  constituents of the magnetic fluid samples). Aqueous magnetic fluids instabilities in a Hele-Shaw cell In this paper, it studies the interface between two  immiscible fluids and with different viscosities, one of  them with a low viscosity and with magnetic properties  (aqueous magnetic fluid) and another with a higher  viscosity and non-magnetic (65% aqueous glycerin), when  the instability pattern diameter increased in time, instability  structure became more and more complex. The splitting of  the main finger streamer was occurred in time, determining  the irregularity increasing. For each instant image obtained  was computed the fractal dimension. a less viscous fluid is injected into a more viscous one in a  2D geometry (Hele Shaw cell). Fig. 1 shows a Hele-Shaw cell, used in this experiment,  with its two plates of plastic separated by cover microscope  slides placed in each corner of the cell, having the same  thickness about 300 micrometers. The used fluids are  injected through the center hole. Fig. 2. The finger instability dynamics for aqueous  magnetic liquid stabilized with citric acid (A2 sample). Between the fractal dimension and experimental  instability generation time a linear correlations were  established for all magnetic fluid samples used in this study  (correlation coefficient, R2, 0.962). In Fig. 3 is presented  the dynamics of the fractal dimension during the surface  image recording, for A1 magnetic fluid sample. Fig. 1. Hele- Shaw cell used in this experimental study. In the experiment firstly was injected aqueous glycerin  through the central hole to fill the cell. After the cell was  filled with glycerin, the magnetic fluid was injected. The  surface image recordings were made with a digital camera. The computational study upon the interface  instabilities patterns between aqueous magnetic fluids and  glycerin was accomplished evaluating fractal dimension in  finger-type instabilities. The fractal analysis was carried out  using the box-counting method [7] as a computational  algorithm. In order to apply box-counting method the  surface images were analyzed following the HarFA 5.0  software steps, computing the fractal dimension of the each  image. Fig. 3. The dynamics of the fractal dimension in the A1  magnetic fluid sample  case, stabilized with 3. Results and discussion The computational study was accomplished on three  sets of images, for aqueous magnetic fluids analyzed in this  study, representing finger instabilities developed between  two immiscible fluids and with different viscosities. In Fig. 2 are presented the finger instability dynamics  for aqueous magnetic liquid stabilized with citric acid (A2  sample), having a radial symmetry between the fluids  injected in the Hele-Shaw cell (glycerin and magnetic  fluid).From images shown in Fig. 2 it may be observed that  tetrametilamoniu hydroxide. Also, between the fractal dimension and physical  diameter of the magnetic nanoparticles, constituents of the  magnetic fluid sample, a correlation was established (a  linear regression with a correlation coefficient, R2 = 0.926). In Fig. 4 it may be observed that for increasing physical  diameter of the magnetic nanoparticles was obtained a  decreased fractal dimension, after a flow time of magnetic fluids about 9 seconds. 134 Fig. 4. Graphical dependence of fractal dimension in  function of physical diameter of the magnetic  nanoparticles, constituents of the magnetic fluid samples  analyzed in this study. M. Răcuciu within the Hele-Shaw cell about 7 seconds. In the Saffman-Taylor instability, if a forward bump is  formed on the interface between the fluids, it enhances the  pressure gradient and the local interface velocity. Because  the velocity of a point on the interface is proportional to the  local pressure gradient, the bump grows faster than other  parts on the interface. On the other hand, the effect of  surface tension competes with this diffusive instability. Surface tension operates to reduce the pressure at highly  curved parts of an interface, and sharp bumps are forced  back. Thus, as a result we have the formation of the viscous  finger instabilities. The fractal dimension based analysis proposed in this  paper of the aqueous magnetic fluid instability is intended  to lead to further mathematical modeling of finger  instabilities patterns focused on non-linearity of the  magnetic fluid-non-magnetic fluid interface stability. A linear correlation (correlation coefficient, R2, 0.988)  was established between the fractal dimension and  viscosity value of the magnetic fluid samples used In Fig. 5  it may be observed that for increased viscosity value of the  magnetic fluid was observed increasing the fractal  dimension of the interface fluids instability structure. Fig. 5. Linear correlation between fractal dimension and  magnetic fluid viscosity value. Table 2. Correlation coefficient and standard deviation to  the fractal dimension calculation after a flow time of  magnetic fluids within the Hele-Shaw cell about 7  seconds. 4. Conclusions In this paper it was investigated the flow of two  immiscible, viscous fluids in the confined geometry of a  Hele-Shaw cell. It may conclude that the fractal dimension values of the  finger instabilities pattern images are direct proportional  with the magnetic fluid viscosity value and instability  generation time, while with the physical diameter of the  magnetic nanoparticles constituents of the magnetic fluid a  linear negative dependence was evidenced. The next theoretical analysis step will follow the  developing of a convenient model to describe the  non-magnetic fluid influence on magnetic fluid surface  stability. References [1] P. S. Stevens, Patterns in Nature, Little Brown, Boston  (1974). [2] S.S. Papel, Low viscosity magnetic fluid obtained by  the colloidal suspension of magnetic particles. US  Patent 3, 215, 572 (1965). [3] R. E. Rosensweig, Ferrohydrodynamics, Cambridge  University Press, Cambridge (1985). [4] C. Tang, Rev. Mod. Phys., 58, 977 (1986). [5] D. Bensimon, L. P. Kadanoff, S. Liang, B. I. Shraiman,  C. Tang, Rev.Mod. Phys., 58, 977 (1986). [6] P. G. Saffman, G. I. Taylor, Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser.  A, 245, 312 (1958). [7] T. Tel, A. Fulop, T. Vicsek, Determination of Fractal  Dimension for Geometrical Multifractals, Physica A,  159, 155-166 (1989). ________________________ * In Table 2 the fractal dimension value, correlation  coefficient and standard deviation to the fractal dimension  calculation, for all magnetic fluid samples used in this experimental study after a flow time of magnetic fluids

lifes little traffic lights :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Life’s Little Traffic Lights I love it, life is so crazy. I’ve always said if it isn’t going to bother me in three to five years, then I’m not going to worry about it now, then I come across what I like to refer to as a â€Å"traffic light† you know, those little situations and encounters that make you stop and reminisce about a time and place that you left behind so long ago, deep in the folds of your memory, and the sudden slap of reality that makes you stop and look around and think what’s different?, what’s changed?, and what path has brought me here? You see a â€Å"traffic light is like a memory, better than a picture, it’s a feeling you get deep inside. A sudden sense of knowing exactly who you are and why, often times all in the depths of a single moment. Still confused? Here’s an example†¦ It’s a fairly brisk day in January of 2002, brisk enough to turn my flesh slightly purple in spots where I’m scarred or bruised, I walk into the dry cleaners after a short work day, to pick up the pants that have been sitting there for about three weeks (I seem to have the memory of a gold fish and the attention span of a fruit fly). Of course I’m in a big damn hurry even though I have no where in particular to be and nothing in my near future has been marked urgent (it’s just the sense of urgency that makes whatever it is that I’m doing seem so much more important than what it really is) I encounter a motherly looking middle-aged Native American woman, who in just a smile seems kind and warm enough to pull me from myself and set me back into the reality of my objective. She doesn’t know it but she’s about to take me for my last $15, but damn I really want to wear those pants tonight. She looks up as she hands me my receipt and very po litely asks me with a wonderful note of concern in her voice â€Å" your nose it looks bruised, did something happen to it?, having heard this question what seems like a thousand times during the winter months, I give her my standard answer, â€Å" oh, yes I broke it a couple of years ago, and the mark always shows when its cold outside† â€Å"won’t it ever go away?

Causes of Poverty Essay

Development Studies Assignment 4 QUESTION Poverty is a multi-faceted concept that can be defined in various ways. Write an essay in which you: -outline this concept as well as distinguish between absolute and relative poverty. In your discussion, provide relevant examples to illustrate your understanding (2 pages) -discuss any three (3) causes of poverty in Third World countries using concrete examples (3pages) READING: Study Guide, Unit 4 Regan Chapter 19 Assessment evidence shows that you can: – define the overall concept of poverty using relevant examples – define and compare the concepts of absolute and relative poverty, using examples to help illustrate your answer – use Robert Chambers’ deprivation trap to explain how poverty is a multi faceted concept and how it has many causes and effects – discuss three factors which may cause poverty in the third world. ANSWER TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction 2. Outlining the concept of a multi-faceted poverty 3. Distinction between absolute and relative poverty 4. Discussing any 3 causes of poverty in the world 5. Conclusion 6. Bibliography 1. INTRODUCTION â€Å"Where poverty is extreme and unending, human rights are eroded; the natural resources base deteriorates; and human dignity too often gives way to despair. Breaking the cycle of poverty is an integral part of development in every nation† UNDP Annual Report, Source:Regan 2006:283. I am going to outline the multi faced poverty, discuss the causes of poverty in the Third World countries. Poverty has been stalling development in the poor countries and strategies have been developed to fight poverty against the Economic Growth. It is true that â€Å"poverty is like the heat. It can only be felt when one gets into it†, hence to explain poverty is a very difficult task especially to someone who has never experienced it. 2. OUTLINING THE CONCEPT OF A MULTI FACETED POVERTY Poverty is linked to lack of adequate food, shelter, education, health, life expectancy, sanitation and access to safe water. â€Å"People living in poverty are often exposed to ill treatment by governments and institutions of the state and society and are powerless to influence key decisions affecting their lives† Regan 2006:283. Despite the fact that many positive changes have happened in terms of technology, and mass communications, there seem to be still a gap between the rich and the  poor. The few rich are taking the biggest part of the riches while the biggest population of the poor is sharing the smaller percentage of the riches, for example, â€Å"In1960 the richest 20% of the world’s people shared between them 70% of the entire wealth of this planet. By the mid-90’s, this figure had increased to over 85%† Regan 2006:281. We see a big gap there, not talking about the current figures in the recent years. We’re there is poverty there is lack of money to go to school hence illiteracy leading to one failing to read information about the Economic growth. In that sense it becomes a cycle of poverty in which poverty refuses to escape. Population is also another factor. When these people continue giving birth under those same conditions. So it is important when looking at poverty to look at what really caused the poverty. A well known author of Development issues, Robert Chambers, wrote about what he named the â€Å"deprivation trap†. In the households described by Chamber 1983:109, 110, he described the households that he named â€Å"clusters of disadvantage†. There is a house hold which is normally child headed after it has been affect by misfortunes like the death of the parents or maybe the parents died of HIV and AIDS. These children will be left on their own to fend for each other. The oldest child there will be left to take the siblings to school, fetch them water, and get them food to eat. The household altogether is affected by a combination of â€Å"parasites†, disease and malnutrition. The other family is that which lives very far away from a town, somewhere remote. They don’t normally get enough information on the current happenings in the outside world. If they get to travel its only to go visit a relative to ask for money or food. Even if they attend meetings, they rarely participate and are not normally seen as important in any aspect except maybe in doing those difficult jobs for paltry payments. Giving an example of my rural area of Gutu in Masvingo Province, Zimbabwe, this scenario really counts when the people from my village normally just go for political or church gatherings where they are just made to cook for people or just dance without any reasonable understanding. Schoolchildren from the schools surrounding my village normally are asked to do a lot of work for such functions unlike their peers in the urban areas or other bit developed areas. There is also a household that is vulnerable, less contingencies; there is also a household  that is ignorant, with less or no knowledge. No legal expertise. It is always exploited probably by moneylenders, politicians. Giving an example of the Zimbabwean peasant person during the 2013 harmonized elections, they would just accept any regalia from any political party because they wanted to find something to wear not because they love the political party. They would even take any food from any direction in a way of seeking a way to survive. There are also some areas like those people who were resettled in Zimbabwe after the land redistribution in 2000 where other families were resettled where there is no any form of communication i.e. radios, cell phones and even transport. Not mentioning schools, they are more than 10-15 kilometers from the house. At the end of the day these people have got not much entertainment therefore they end up bearing more and more children where there is no enough food to feed the children, which leads to them suffering from malnutrition and others failing to even go to school forever since there are no schools. They end up having large families of illiterate families who will be marrying the nearest family member. Their homes are precariously balanced. With this fourfold household description, Chambers compiled what he called a deprivation trap†. Hence summing all this up we learn that physical weakne ss, powerlessness, vulnerability, isolation and poverty do cause the cycle of poverty to never break. 3. DISTINCTION BETWEEN RELATIVE AND ABSOLUTE POVERTY According to Regan 2006:283, â€Å"Absolute poverty is characterized by some people in other parts of the world, normally the third world lives on a $1 per day. The population gets to 1.2billion. Those who live with $2 per day add up to 2.8 billion.† Relative poverty is normally when the country is deemed not to be living within the minimum requirements. For example in Zimbabwe it’s now deemed normal not to have electricity or water at a certain time (high load-shedding) of which it is poverty in the developed countries. Relative poverty therefore measures what percentage of population is poor when a minimum baseline â€Å"for that country† is used as a yardstick. The world Bank describes poverty a series of deprivations that may include: – living without fundamental freedoms of action or choice – lack of adequate food and shelter, education and health – extreme vulnerability to ill-health, Ebonics dislocation and natural disasters – being exposed to ill-treatment by the  state and society – powerlessness to influence key decisions 4. DISCUSSING ANY 3 CAUSES OF POVERTY IN THE WORLD There are a number of causes of poverty in the world which include dictatorship, lack of education, low wage rates, overpopulation, war, disease, floods, and natural disasters but here I am going to discuss about just 3 of them which are overpopulation, lack of education and war. a. Overpopulation Percy Bysshe Shelley, one of the finest English Romantic Poets, â€Å"The rich grind the poor into abjectness and then complain that they are abject. They goad them to famine, and then hang them if they steal a sheep†. Overpopulation refers to when an organism’s number exceed the carrying capacity of its habitat? The term usually refers to the relationship between human population and its environment, the earth. World population is currently growing by approximately 75million people per year according to the United Nations Reports and the net growth by mid-century is predicted by the United Nations medium variant to be about 33million, while the low is 13million. Overpopulation in the third world countries is one of the main causes of poverty which have failed to be tackled by experts in population issues. In a poverty reduction process it has become totally impossible to lower the population because human population tends to grow at a geometrical rate while the ability to produce subsistence increases at a merely arithmetical rate hence finding ourselves in an ever-deepening spiral of suffering caused by overpopulation. The earth’s capacity ofcourse can absorb big numbers of people but the land is being used for other not very necessary things instead of growing food for the number of people that is growing every second. FAO reports that by 2020, 135 million people may lose their land as a result of soil degradation as well. The exhaustible resources are limited and cannot meet the demands of all the people; especially where the rich are getting into the habit of of having more resources than required. When there is overpopulation clean water will be limited, medical care normally will be scarce, unemployment rate increases because many habitants will be looking forward to getting jobs, shelter will be crowded. Money on its own will not be enough to sustain a certain household. Most of the land will be used to build more houses hence reducing land for agriculture to grow crops to feed the people. In a country like Zimbabwe, prior to Robert Mugabe’s seizure of  the farmland, the farme rs had been using irrigation to deal with drought but during the seizures, much of the irrigation equipment was either vandalized or looted. A 2006 BBC article about Mugabe’s land seizure states † Critics say the reforms have devastated the economy and led to massive hunger. Much of the formerly white-owned land is no longer being productively used-either because the beneficiaries have no experience of farming or they lack finance and tools. Many farms were wrecked when they were invaded by government supporters† Some argue that without religion, population will be reasonable in the sense that people will be allowed to abort for an instance. The issues of birth control have been religiously viewed in countries like China where overpopulation is also rife. However many children are being born to face malnutrition or preventable diseases as a result of lack of nutritious food and desirable medications. Hence high infant/child mortality rate There is also the issue of fresh water. If the population keeps increasing there is likely to be less fresh water available in the world. Water deficit is also spurring grain imports in numerous smaller countries. The water tables are quickly getting exhausted because of the population growth. b. Lack of Education Studies indicate that if one has little or no education, the chances of them wallowing in poverty are huge. Lack of education is another major cause of poverty in the world. Without education, one cannot go anywhere. Developing countries do have inadequate budgets when it comes to education which is affecting the majority-especially with the growing population. Illiteracy is really a big player in the â€Å"cycle of poverty† that keeps the poor being locked in poverty as they do not have a chance to receive education. In many rural set ups, education is not treated as an important aspect in life especially in the girl child. In many occasions, you find that most children are kept from schools because they are needed at home to support their families with additional income by working. This â€Å"cycle of poverty† goes this way: if one fails to receive education they cannot read or write, they can never listen to the radio and understand what will be talked about-such that its easier for any outsider to come and use them and abuse them because they do not have sufficient if any knowledge or  information at all. Most black people do not normally think about the future, they just live on a life that is unplanned. When one fails to be well educated, it is difficult to get a good job with good salary to eradicate poverty back in their home. They end up doing menial, lowest paying jobs of which sometimes these jobs are seasonal, meaning when they are not working they just stay at home and have nothing to feed their family with. In the current situation in the world, tertiary education is now what’s considered the best for one to get a good job. Just ending in â€Å"A level† or â€Å"High School† will not give one a desired job that has good returns. In the United States 73% of people who do not have a high school degree live in poverty. That is how bad it is. Here in Zimbabwe I can say that the lack of education is bleeding the economy to the last, it’s also causing too much poverty because in the country like this which has been under the leadership of one person/party. There is too much corruption in the ruling government that they are offering top posts to uneducated people just because they just â€Å"went to war† Or maybe that they are related to so and so. They get into those offices and they start waging wars, and starving thousands while feeding their families only, failing to make their country prosperous. They start abusing the only resources that are there to help the majority of the country. Hence I can say that lack of education causes a lack of strong, prosperous leadership in the government and it causes a deficit of people who are willing to be well informed and willing to act on their own behalf of their own roles in all levels of government. c. War In the third world countries, they are normally characterized by wars normally fueled by civil unrests. War really causes and increases poverty in every other aspect. Not thinking only about the people who would have died during the war, there is a need to think about the families that would have been left by these people who would have died in the war. What will they eat? And in a normal war situation infrastructure is destroyed i.e. schools, houses, hospitals, roads and even any other types of shelter. That means there are going to be homeless children, adults, no schools to learn in, increasing the poverty. There will be a need to get funds/money to build the infrastructure. Talking about clean and safe water as well, normally after the war the water will be polluted with the  chemicals, if there is any water at all. War really affects the economy in a big way because the material and human destruction caused by it is a major development problem. Coming to give an example of Iraq, the only fight over oil caused the whole economy to crumble. The roads became dilapidated, the health sector went down. There had to be help to be sent through the United Nations to start on the economy. In Zimbabwe in the post war era around 1980, there had to be pumped out money to start building, of which, in a poor country like Zimbabwe it is difficult to source funds. Some never recovered from that that they never even decided to go back to school again making it impossible to reduce poverty in their land. 5. CONCLUSION Poverty has got many causes in the world but according to what I have discussed above, there can never be total poverty reduction in the whole world. This poverty topic also makes it clear that it is difficult to separate causes, effects and characteristics of poverty. The are many ways of poverty reduction, like farming, building dams, creation of employment, prioritizing education. The biggest goal is to reduce poverty through development strategies. Having used the Human Poverty Index and other socio-economic indicators it explores critical features of wealth and poverty divide. 6. BIBLIOGRAPHY Regan 2006. 80:20, Development in an unequal world Percy Bhsseye Shelley, Romantic Poet United Nation Report Thomas Robert Malthus (1766-1834) Essay on the Principle of Population Paul R. Ehrlich (1968) The Population Bomb

Leadership Styles Exhibited During A Mental Health Clinical

Leadership Styles Exhibited During a Mental Health Clinical Courtney Palazzolo Professor Venice During my mental health and psychiatric clinical rotation, one of the tasks I had to perform was assembling a group meeting for the patients on the unit. This type of clinical was completely different than previous clinicals. In the past, clinical consisted of medical interventions such as head to toe assessments, administering medications, and helping a patient ambulate. The focus of this clinical was quite different. Interventions focused more on the patient’s mental well-being and having the ability to not only interact with patients, but make them feel comfortable enough to express all and any type of feelings. After weeks of conversing with different patients, there were a few overall recurring concerns each patient had. They felt it difficult at times to turn negative situations or thoughts into positives and in turn this contributed to elevated levels of stress. With this in mind, I decided to conduct my group around cognitive behavioral therapy, reframing though ts, and positive affirmations. These three topics combined not only could help the patients change their negative thought processes, but they can be used as a guide to help them in the future. This was a group project that consisted of me and another person from my clinical. My colleague and I both researched all three topics so we would be equally as knowledgeable about them. After theShow MoreRelatedLeadership Analysis : President Of A Community Agency That Assists Traumatized Children And Their Families1692 Words   |  7 PagesLEADERSHIP ANALYSIS 2 The leader I chose for analysis is the director of a community agency that assists traumatized children and their families. Bases of Power Transformational leadership as defined by Bass (as cited in Gellis, 2001) is composed of multiple, yet distinct parts â€Å"1. Charisma (idealized influence, attributes and behaviors) 2. Intellectual stimulation 3. Individual consideration and, 4. Inspirational motivation† (p. 18). In a study performed by Gellis (2001), 187Read MoreAttachment Theory Essay1784 Words   |  8 Pages(Bowlby, 1979, p. 127). An infant’s attachment to their primary caregiver establishes a sense of security, through protection, so the infant is able to explore the world with confidence and without threat and risk. During a child’s â€Å"sensitive period†, which according to Bowlby occurs during the first nine months of an infant’s life, the attachment bond should be continuous and of an emotional importance (Connors, 2011). Furthering Bowlby’s research, Mary Ainsworth introduced the concept of a â€Å"secureRead MoreChild Abuse And Neglect Of Children5936 Words   |  24 Pagesvague and overly broad and there is a lack of consensus among professionals and Child Protective Services personnel about what the terms abuse and neglect mean. Susan Orr, former head of the United States Children s Bureau U.S. Department of Health and Services Administration for Children and Families, 2001–2007, states that much that is now defined as child abuse and neglect does not merit governmental interference. Types Child abuse can take several forms: the four main types are physicalRead MoreGroup Proposal4283 Words   |  18 Pagesacademic impairments, as children with ADHD frequently loose assignments, misplace their completed work, and have difficulty planning for tests (Langberg, Epstein, Urbanowicz, Simon, amp; Graham, 2008). Also, one of the most common characteristics exhibited by children with ADHD is chronic underachievement relative to their intellectual abilities. For example, studies evaluating underachievement have found that up to 80% of children with ADHD exhibit academic Learning with ADHD 3 performanceRead MoreCase Study16130 Words   |  65 Pagesfor change 6 Leadership 8 No shotgun wedding 9 The transition period – one year on 11 Project management 12 Organizational development 13 Developing management and leadership capacity and capability 14 Case study questions: Aster Group 17 Individual change 17 Team change 17 Organizational change 18 Leading change 18 Case study 2: The Institute of Public Health in Ireland 19 Case study text: The Institute of Public Health in Ireland 19 Read MoreFemale Criminality11608 Words   |  46 Pages(Gross, 2009, pp. 84). As such, one can see a basic understanding of the mental differences between men and women that may lead women to have different reasons for committing crimes at an elevated rate, along with committing different crimes than their male counterparts. Elizabeth Cauffman notes in her research that female crime has been linked to chronic behavioral problems during childhood, drug and alcohol abuse, mental health problems and disorders such as emotional disturbance and depression, whichRead MoreOcd - Symptoms, Causes, Treatment131367 Words   |  526 PagesSalkovskis and Jack Rachman were advocating a more integrative theory and treatment of OCD, an approach that amalgamated the behavioral treatment of OCD with Beck’s (1976) cognitive theory of emotional disorders. From these two theoretical perspectives on clinical disorders, a new cognitive-behavioral approach to obsessions and compulsions was born. In many respects, my own professional development has taken a path similar to that seen in cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for obsessional states. My rootsRead MorePropaganda by Edward L Bernays34079 Words   |  137 Pages............................................ THE NEW PROPAGANDA ............................................ THE NEW PROPAGANDISTS .... 9 19 32 47 62 THE PSYCHOLOGY OF PUBLIC RELATIONS BUSINESS AND THE PUBLIC .... PROPAGANDA AND POLITICAL LEADERSHIP 92 WOMENS ACTIVITIES AND PROPAGANDA . . . 115 121 135 141 150 PROPAGANDA FOR EDUCATION PROPAGANDA IN SOCIAL SERVICE . ART AND SCIENCE ..................................................... THE MECHANICS OF PROPAGANDA . . CHAPTERRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesValues 131 Perception and Individual Decision Making 165 Motivation Concepts 201 Motivation: From Concepts to Applications 239 3 The Group 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Foundations of Group Behavior 271 Understanding Work Teams 307 Communication 335 Leadership 367 Power and Politics 411 Conflict and Negotiation 445 Foundations of Organization Structure 479 v vi BRIEF CONTENTS 4 The Organization System 16 Organizational Culture 511 17 Human Resource Policies and Practices 543 18 OrganizationalRead MoreThe Effects of Ethical Climates on Bullying Behaviour in the Workplace13824 Words   |  56 Pagesorganizational outcomes like absenteeism, and decreases in turnover, commitment, job satisfaction, productivity and efï ¬ ciency (Mikkelsen and Einarsen, 2001; Salin, 2003), bullying at work has also been observed to lead to reduced psychological and physical health, as well as greater anxiety and depression (Hoel et al., 2004; Mayhew et al., 2004; Mikkelsen and Einarsen, 2001, 2002; Sparks et al., 2001). Leymann (1996) who laid the theoretical foundations for mobbing/ bullying research, highlighted the fact